Petrified wood is a type of fossilized wood that forms when organic matter transforms into stone through a process called permineralization. This process occurs when dead wood is buried in sediment, which over time replaces the original tissues with minerals such as quartz and limestone. The result is a piece of wood that has been turned into stone, displaying intricate patterns and colors. Petrified wood has been found all over the world and is widely used for jewelry, art and decoration, as well as in the study of geology and paleontology.